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Category 4 Hurricane Ida Makes Landfall in Louisiana: Updates - New York Magazine

Sandwich RGB image of Ida over coastal Louisiana taken by the GOES satellite on Sunday afternoon. Photo: STAR GOES-EAST/NOAA/NESDIS

As meteorologists feared, Hurricane Ida made landfall on the Louisiana coast as an extremely dangerous Category 4 storm on Sunday. The storm, which arrives on the 16th anniversary of Hurricane Katrina’s landfall, is expected to bring “potentially catastrophic” wind damage when it comes ashore, as well as a life-threatening storm surge, and flooding heavy rainfall, according to the National Hurricane Center. Mandatory evacuation orders are in place for all New Orleans residents outside the levee system and numerous other coastal areas under threat in Louisiana and Mississippi. Below are updates about Ida’s projected path and impact.

The impact

Over 300,000 people have already lost power in southeast Louisiana as of just after 2 p.m. central time.

Here’s footage of the storm surge in Grand Isle, Louisiana:

And in Delacroix, an island in St. Bernard Parish southeast of New Orleans:

The latest forecast

At 11:55 a.m. central time, Ida made landfall at Category 4 strength near Port Fourchon, Louisiana. Ida came ashore with maximum sustained winds of 150-mph. It then made a second landfall at 2 p.m., still as a Category 4, near Galliano, southwest of New Orleans. Even hours after making landfall, the storm has kept its structure and most of its intensity:

Ida was forecast to produce a life threatening 8 foot storm surge or higher in some areas:

Ida is also also expected to produce heavy rainfall, particularly as it slows over land, with the threat of flash and urban flooding across much of Louisiana and Mississippi. Some areas of coastal Louisiana may receive 15 to 20 inches of rainfall or more.

On Saturday night, the National Weather Service in New Orleans sent out a very dire public information statement for any residents who hadn’t yet left mandatory evacuation zones along the coast:

Please understand this, there is the possibility that conditions could be unlivable along the coast for some time and areas around New Orleans and Baton Rouge could be without power for weeks. We have all seen the destruction and pain caused by Harvey, Michael, and Laura. Anticipate devastation on this level and if it doesn’t happen then we should all count our blessings. Please again, if you have the means to leave, and you are 1 in a mandatory or voluntary evacuation zone, LEAVE; 2 are in a very flood prone area, LEAVE, 3 are uncomfortable and have trees around your house, LEAVE. Do not play around and say “I’ve been through Andrew/Camille/Katrina/Betsy” all storms are different.

The threat to infrastructure and industrial sites

Ida poses a significant threat to several important industries, as Jeff Masters and Bob Henson explain at Yale Climate Connections:

Ida is predicted to track over one of the most critical industrial areas in the U.S.: the industrial corridor between Baton Rouge and New Orleans. Not only is the region home to dozens of key petrochemical sites, and crisscrossed by important pipelines, it also has three of the fifteen largest ports in America: the largest bulk cargo port in the world, the Port of South Louisiana, which lies along a 54-mile stretch of the Mississippi River; the nation’s largest export grain port, the Port of New Orleans; and the Port of Greater Baton Rouge, the nation’s 10th-largest port. These three ports handle 55-70% of all U.S. grain exports to the world, supplied by barges moving downriver.

Going upriver, Mississippi River barges transport petrochemicals, fertilizers, and raw materials essential for the functioning of U.S. industry and agriculture, making the Mississippi River the lifeblood of the American economy.

There is also a potential impact to hundreds of industrial sites which work with toxic chemicals. Nola.com points out that three previous hurricanes which hit the area resulted in oil and chemical releases, and reports that roughly two thirds of the industrial sites with toxic chemicals in Louisiana are in the hurricane’s current projected path:

A Times-Picayune | New Orleans Advocate analysis of industrial data and Ida’s predicted route through the state indicates 590 sites that produce or store toxic chemicals are harm’s way. Almost 380 of them are within 50 miles of the coast, putting them at particular risk from storm surge, strong winds and heavy rain, according to the analysis of sites listed in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s Toxics Release Inventory.

How the storm compares to Katrina

The Washington Post’s Capital Weather Gang blog highlight that while Ida may be more intense than Katrina, that doesn’t mean it will have the same impact on the New Orleans metro area:

[A]fter Katrina, a $14.5 billion flood-protection system was constructed around New Orleans that is expected to be much more effective in keeping storm waters from inundating the city. Katrina was also an enormous storm, which allowed it to push more water ashore. Ida is somewhat more compact, although it is predicted to expand some.

Ida made landfall as a smaller, but more powerful storm.

On Friday, Yale Climate Connections’ Jeff Masters and Bob Henson expressed cautious optimism that New Orleans’ flood-protection upgrades would be effective:

[The city’s Hurricane and Storm Damage Risk Reduction System (HSDRRS)] consists of a 139-mile system of levees, and walls and gates designed to protect against a 1-in-100-year storm surge, equivalent to what a category 3 hurricane would bring. The new flood defense system in 2012 underwent a stern test with Hurricane Isaac. Isaac was a large, slow-moving Category 1 storm with 80 mph winds that brought to New Orleans a storm surge characteristic of a Category 2 storm. A surge as high as 12-14 feet assaulted portions of the new levee system. The new flood defenses performed admirably, giving confidence that they can withstand the 15-foot storm surge that a 1-in-100-year category 3 hurricane might bring.

Louisiana is already facing a COVID storm

Louisiana has been one of the states worst hit by the Delta variant over the past two months. While the number of new cases has been dropping from their peak in recent weeks, hospitals in the state continue to struggle with severe cases. Because of the strain, New York Times reports that Louisiana hospitals have have not been able to complete their normal preparations for a storm of Ida’s magnitude:

Louisiana’s medical director, Dr. Joseph Kanter, asked residents on Friday to avoid unnecessary emergency room visits to preserve the state’s hospital capacity, which has been vastly diminished by its most severe Covid surge of the pandemic. And while plans exist to transfer patients away from coastal areas to inland hospitals ahead of a hurricane, this time “evacuations are just not possible,” Gov. John Bel Edwards said at a news conference.

“The hospitals don’t have room,” he said. “We don’t have any place to bring those patients — not in state, not out of state.” The governor said officials had asked hospitals to check generators and stockpile more water, oxygen and personal protective supplies than usual for a storm. 

This has been updated to include new details and reporting.

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